Desmoid Tumours and Treatment Approaches
Desmoid tumours, also known as "aggressive fibromatosis," are rare, benign but locally aggressive tumours that can arise in various parts of the body, particularly in soft tissues such as the abdominal wall, extremities, and trunk. They can grow to compress surrounding tissues, leading to pain, loss of function, and significant cosmetic concerns. Traditionally, surgical excision has been the primary treatment; however, high recurrence rates and surgery-related morbidity have necessitated the search for alternative therapies.
As an Interventional Radiology Specialist, I, Prof. Dr. Aykut Recep Aktaş, aim to offer my patients the most current, least invasive, and most effective treatment methods. In the treatment of desmoid tumours, Microwave Ablation stands out as a superior alternative to traditional surgery.
Challenges of Traditional Surgical Methods
The traditional surgical treatment of desmoid tumours is often a challenging process. It may require wide excisions, leading to large surgical incisions, extended hospital stays, prolonged recovery periods, and a significant risk of surgical complications. Especially when the tumour is located close to critical anatomical structures, surgery can result in serious consequences such as nerve damage, organ damage, or loss of function. Despite all these difficulties, post-surgical recurrence rates can remain high, potentially subjecting patients to repeated operations.
Microwave Ablation for Non-Surgical Desmoid Tumour Treatment: An Innovative Approach
Microwave ablation is a minimally invasive, needle-based treatment method performed by interventional radiologists. In this procedure, a thin needle probe is inserted into the tumour under imaging guidance (using ultrasound or computed tomography). Microwave energy emitted from the tip of the probe generates high heat within the tumour tissue, destroying the targeted cancerous cells. Minimal damage is inflicted upon surrounding healthy tissues.
This method is increasingly preferred for the non-surgical treatment of desmoid tumours and yields highly encouraging results. My specialisation in Interventional Radiology ensures the safe and effective execution of such advanced technological applications.
Advantages of Microwave Ablation
Microwave ablation offers numerous significant advantages compared to traditional surgery:
- Minimally Invasive: Instead of large surgical incisions, only a needle-sized entry point is required.
- Less Pain: Post-procedure pain is generally much milder than with surgery and easily manageable.
- Rapid Recovery Time: Patients can often be discharged the same day or the next day and quickly return to their daily activities.
- Applicable Under Local Anaesthesia or Sedation: In most cases, the need for general anaesthesia is reduced, lowering anaesthesia risks.
- Cosmetic Results: Instead of large scars, an almost invisible needle mark remains.
- High Success Rates: It is an effective treatment method for desmoid tumours with high local control rates.
Microwave Ablation Treatment Process
The treatment process typically involves the following steps:
- Evaluation and Planning: Detailed imaging (MRI, CT) assesses the tumour's size, location, and relationship with surrounding structures. This enables the creation of a personalised treatment plan.
- Procedure Day: The patient usually receives local anaesthesia and/or light sedation. Under imaging guidance (ultrasound or CT), the ablation needle is precisely placed into the centre of the tumour.
- Ablation: Microwave energy is applied for a specific duration, thermally destroying the tumour tissue. This process is monitored in real-time with imaging.
- Post-Procedure: After the needle is removed, a small bandage is applied. Patients can usually return home after a short observation period.
Success Rates and Impact on Quality of Life
Microwave ablation yields highly successful results in the treatment of desmoid tumours. Studies have shown high local tumour control rates and significant symptom relief (reduction in pain and pressure sensation). This method enables patients to get rid of their tumours through a less invasive procedure, significantly improving their overall quality of life. The reduction in functional limitations and rapid recovery process help patients return to their normal lives more quickly.
Safety and Side Effects
Microwave ablation is generally a safe procedure when performed by experienced Interventional Radiology specialists. Potential side effects are usually mild and temporary; these may include pain, bruising, or swelling at the procedure site. Serious complications are rare, and as with any medical procedure, risks are discussed in detail with the patient.
If you have been diagnosed with a desmoid tumour and are seeking an alternative to surgery, microwave ablation may be a suitable option for you. For detailed information about this minimally invasive, safe, and effective treatment approach and to evaluate your condition, please contact Prof. Dr. Aykut Recep Aktaş.